Because WE treat people
New 3D printing research for personalised pills
HealthCare
Masha
May 16, 2024
0

A novel technique in 3D printing medication has facilitated the creation of tablets containing multiple drugs, heralding the era of customized pills capable of administering timed doses. Researchers at the University of Nottingham’s Centre for Additive Manufacturing, in collaboration with the School of Pharmacy, have pioneered this advancement utilizing Multi-Material InkJet 3D Printing (MM-IJ3DP), as detailed in their publication in Materials Today Advances.

Their pioneering method allows for the production of personalized pharmaceutical tablets with finely tuned drug release profiles, promising more accurate and efficient treatment options for patients. Through Multi-Material InkJet 3D Printing (MM-IJ3DP), tablets can now be fabricated to release drugs at controlled rates, dictated by the tablet’s design. This achievement is made possible by a novel ink formulation containing molecules sensitive to ultraviolet light, which, when printed, create a water-soluble structure.

The crux of this innovation lies in the tablet’s unique internal structure, regulating the rate of drug release and enabling precise dosage timing. Moreover, this technique permits the printing of multiple drugs within a single tablet, simplifying complex medication regimens into a single dose.

Dr. Yinfeng He, Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Engineering’s Centre for Additive Manufacturing, expressed excitement about this breakthrough, emphasizing its potential to transform drug delivery and pave the way for next-generation personalized medicines. However, challenges remain, such as the necessity for additional formulations supporting a broader range of materials. Professor Ricky Wildman highlighted ongoing research efforts aimed at refining these aspects to enhance the applicability of MM-IJ3DP.

This technology holds significant promise for medications requiring timed drug release, particularly in the treatment of diseases where precise dosage timing is paramount. Demonstrating scalability, the ability to print 56 pills in a single batch underscores the potential of this technology for mass-producing personalized medicines.

Professor Felicity Rose from the School of Pharmacy emphasized the importance of personalized medication in addressing issues of medication adherence, which significantly impact health outcomes. Simplifying multiple medications into a single pill offers a promising solution to this challenge, marking a significant advancement in pharmaceutical research and development.

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How Do I Know When to Leave Medicine?
HealthCare
Masha
May 16, 2024
0

The discourse surrounding physician burnout has intensified lately, shedding light on the pervasive challenges doctors encounter throughout their careers. This scrutiny has prompted many to question their longevity in the medical profession.

However, transitioning to a different career is a monumental decision that warrants careful consideration. Years of dedication and effort have been invested in reaching the current professional status, underscoring the need for a thorough assessment of the situation.

Ultimately, the choice to depart from medicine and the timing of such a decision are deeply personal. Nevertheless, it’s essential to recognize that alternative pathways exist, offering the prospect of higher earnings and reduced workload while still capitalizing on hard-earned knowledge and skills.

Whether contemplating a change within the medical domain, exploring non-clinical roles, or contemplating an exit from medicine altogether, introspection and honesty are pivotal in navigating this juncture effectively.

First and foremost, it’s crucial to acknowledge that you’re not alone in grappling with these sentiments. A study by the American Medical Association reveals that one in five physicians harbors intentions to exit the field within the next two years.

Given the gravity of the decision, it’s prudent to reflect on several questions before taking the leap. Yet, if opting for a non-clinical trajectory, finding solace in the shared experiences of others disillusioned with the medical field can be comforting.

Self-inquiry is a constructive starting point when deliberating a departure from medicine. Scrutinizing one’s emotions and dissecting the sources of discontent can illuminate the path forward, be it a career pivot or a recommitment to medicine in a different capacity.

Revisiting the initial motivations for pursuing a medical career can offer valuable insights during this period of introspection. Often, a myriad of factors influences such a decision, ranging from altruistic inclinations to familial expectations.

Identifying the onset of doubts regarding a medical career is equally illuminating. Pinpointing when these uncertainties emerged and their persistence can clarify whether the discontent is a fleeting phase or indicative of deeper-rooted issues.

Moreover, discerning whether the dissatisfaction stems from medicine as a whole or specific job-related factors is crucial. Medicine encompasses diverse practice settings, and a change in environment could potentially alleviate existing grievances.

Recognizing signs that it might be time to bid adieu to medicine is pivotal. Disproportionate work-life balance, rampant burnout, financial strain, and strained patient connections serve as red flags warranting contemplation of alternative career avenues.

Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach, be it seeking a conducive work environment, exploring non-traditional medical roles, or embarking on entrepreneurial endeavors. Ultimately, prioritizing personal fulfillment and professional satisfaction paves the way for a rewarding career trajectory beyond traditional medical confines.

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Toxic work culture in surgery: Can it be fixed?
HealthCare
Jack
May 16, 2024
0

Amidst a turbulent storm of professional upheaval, John found himself teetering on the brink of despair. Recent incidents, like the accidental destruction of a light fixture in the operating room and being reprimanded for disorderly conduct, painted him as yet another surgical liability, casting shadows over his marriage, career, and self-esteem.

But unbeknownst to him, the blame didn’t entirely rest on his shoulders. (We’ll delve into that shortly.)

His outburst had been a culmination of mounting frustration. Despite his prowess in surgery, navigating the complexities outside the operating room had proven to be his Achilles’ heel. The incessant demands from nurses, the struggles to secure operating room time, and the challenges of managing dissatisfied patients waiting for non-urgent procedures had worn down his patience. One day, in a fit of exasperation, he snapped at a nurse, “Just do as I say, and do it now!”

John hadn’t embarked on his surgical journey with such a short fuse. Yet, two years into his tenure as an attending surgeon, that’s precisely where he found himself. From his perspective:

“The nurses were a constant source of frustration, always pestering him to revise orders, oversee wound care, expedite patient discharges…”

“The non-clinical administrators were equally vexing, scheduling block times at inconvenient slots, disregarding his instructions for add-on cases, and nagging him when his paperwork wasn’t completed…”

“And the patients—where did these non-compliant, entitled individuals even come from?”

He had little tolerance for any of it. After all, he was the leader, the captain of the ship, the one expected to steer the course.

This narrative echoed through the experiences of numerous surgeons I’ve counseled over the past 14 years. Different faces, same storyline. It painted a grim picture of exceptional surgeons, masters of their craft, struggling to assimilate into a system where the very behaviors ingrained during their training were deemed unacceptable.

While the manifestations of this phenomenon differed for female surgeons, they represented the flip side of the same coin. Imposter syndrome and an incessant need to prove oneself manifested as anger and outbursts for male surgeons, and as fear and self-doubt for women.

Of course, not all surgeons were affected, but a significant portion grappled with these challenges.

The truth is, much of the toxic residue left by medical training—perfectionism, an ingrained need to always be in control, a deep-rooted fear of failure, and a sense of superiority—were amplified in how surgeons were trained and treated.

What did surgeons learn during their training?

As one surgeon lamented, “I learned to become a monster, Gail.”

“I learned that all that mattered was getting the job done and avoiding the wrath of another punitive attending. An attending who was all too eager to throw me under the bus, whether I erred or not. And admitting failure was the cardinal sin. Whatever the task, whatever obstacle stood in my way, seeking assistance was out of the question. Asking for help was never an option.”

Another lesson ingrained: kindness and strength were mutually exclusive. Strength meant being tough, always. Showing any sign of weakness equated to failure. Another surgeon phrased it succinctly, “Gail, I was trained to be a bulldog, plain and simple. Don’t stand in my way, or you’ll get trampled.”

Coaching emerged as a constructive intervention in dismantling these beliefs, and that was the journey John and I embarked upon. It was a daunting task. There was much he needed to unlearn if he sought a successful, harmonious career, not only professionally but also within his family life.

Over the subsequent six months, unlearning (and learning) became our focus.

John realized that the perfectionism ingrained in him during his medical training was detrimental to his current aspirations. He discovered more effective ways to motivate himself than through harsh self-criticism. He embraced the paradox of motivation—that dwelling on shortcomings drained his energy, while focusing on accomplishments fueled his drive.

He also learned the importance of seeking help. In his personal life, he began to open up to his wife and children, understanding that he didn’t have to have all the answers.

Developing mindfulness of his emotional triggers enabled him to anticipate and manage his outbursts. He cultivated a mindful approach, redirecting his emotions rather than succumbing to them during high-pressure situations in the operating room.

Through coaching, John realized the toll his reactivity had taken on him. External pressures persisted—understaffing, challenging administrators, difficult patients—yet, internally, he found equilibrium. He began to shed the “monster-like tendencies” acquired during his training. His mastery within the operating room now extended to all facets of his life. As he reflected, “I’ve found a balance between strength and kindness. That, I believe, is the key to my success, both as a surgeon and as a human being.”

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More women on surgery teams lead to better outcomes
HealthCare
Veronika
May 16, 2024
0

In numerous sectors spanning business, finance, technology, education, and law, the consensus holds that gender and sex diversity not only foster fairness but also enhance team performance by integrating a spectrum of experiences and perspectives. However, the healthcare field has seen relatively scant exploration of the impact of gender diversity within teams. While studies have delved into individual characteristics and their correlations with outcomes (such as how female patients respond to female physicians), there’s been a notable dearth of data regarding the influence of sex diversity within healthcare teams and subsequent patient outcomes.

A recent study, published in the British Journal of Surgery by Oxford University Press, sheds light on this issue, revealing a correlation between higher levels of sex diversity within surgical teams and improved post-operative outcomes for patients.

The findings signify a significant shift in understanding how diversity contributes to the quality of perioperative care. Dr. Julie Hallet, the lead author of the paper, emphasizes that team sex diversity likely plays a role in patient outcomes due to the diverse array of skills, knowledge, experiences, beliefs, values, and leadership styles that male and female doctors bring to the table. Despite the evident advantages of sex and gender diversity in enhancing team performance, the presence of female doctors in operating rooms remains relatively uncommon. Over a decade, the percentage of female anesthesiologists and surgeons has only increased by a marginal 5%.

The study, a population-based retrospective cohort analysis utilizing administrative healthcare data from Ontario, Canada, where 14 million residents receive healthcare through a government-administered single-payer system, examined adult patients who underwent major elective inpatient surgeries between 2009 and 2019 to assess postoperative major morbidity. Among the 709,899 surgeries performed at 88 hospitals during the study period, 14.4% experienced major morbidity within 90 days post-operation. The median proportion of female anesthesiologists and surgeons per hospital per year stood at 28%. Female surgeons conducted 47,874 (6.7%) of surgeries, while female anesthesiologists were involved in 192,144 (27.0%) of operations.

The study discovered that hospitals with over 35% female surgeons and anesthesiologists exhibited better postoperative outcomes. Such hospitals witnessed a 3% reduction in the odds of 90-day postoperative major morbidity among patients. Remarkably, the 35% threshold aligns with findings from research in other sectors and countries, including the United States, Italy, Australia, and Japan, which have similarly demonstrated improved outcomes with a 35% female team composition.

Dr. Hallet underscores the significance of these results, asserting that achieving a critical mass of female anesthesiologists and surgeons in operative teams isn’t solely about equity but is evidently crucial for optimizing performance. She advocates for a shift away from binary comparisons of female and male clinicians and instead emphasizes the importance of diversity as a team asset for enhancing quality care. Ensuring sex diversity within operative teams necessitates deliberate efforts such as systematic recruitment and retention policies for female physicians, structural interventions like minimum representation on teams, and monitoring and reporting of team composition to foster accountability within existing systems.

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Opportunistic AI for Medical Scans
HealthCare
Masha
May 16, 2024
0
Opportunistic AI for Medical Scans

In recent times, a groundbreaking study utilizing chest X-rays has emerged as the latest addition to a growing body of research exploring the incidental diagnostic capabilities of medical imaging scans, a phenomenon now being termed “opportunistic.”

The Study’s Breakthrough Led by Jakob Weiss and his team, the study set out to explore the feasibility of deriving the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score from chest X-rays, a concept previously considered far-fetched. Utilizing a vast dataset from a cancer screening trial, comprising over 40,000 participants and more than 147,000 chest X-rays, the researchers developed and validated a model. Astonishingly, their findings revealed that the AI-driven analysis of chest X-rays outperformed the traditional ASCVD risk score in identifying individuals who could benefit from statin therapy, a pivotal aspect of cardiovascular disease prevention.

This breakthrough holds significant promise, particularly as data required for conventional risk assessments, such as cholesterol levels or blood pressure readings, are frequently unavailable. Given that chest X-rays are one of the most commonly obtained medical images, with over 70 million performed annually in the United States alone, the potential for incidental cardiovascular risk assessment is immense. While further validation is warranted before integration into routine clinical practice, this study underscores the wealth of information latent within medical scans, discernible only through the lens of artificial intelligence.

Previous Endeavors and Future Prospects The study joins a constellation of endeavors unveiling the latent diagnostic capabilities of medical imaging. From detecting diabetes to accurately determining cardiac parameters like ejection fraction, AI has demonstrated remarkable accuracy across various modalities, heralding a new era of comprehensive diagnostic insights.

Looking ahead, the prospect of leveraging AI to uncover hidden pathologies from routine scans is tantalizing. With over 20 million chest CT scans conducted annually in the United States alone, the opportunity to detect conditions like pancreatic cancer or coronary artery disease risk represents a paradigm shift in diagnostic capabilities. Similarly, the identification of breast artery calcification on mammography for assessing heart disease risk exemplifies the untapped potential of opportunistic interpretation of medical scans.

Implications and Considerations The advent of AI-driven opportunistic interpretation heralds a transformative shift in medical imaging, empowering clinicians with unprecedented diagnostic prowess. However, alongside the promise lies the challenge of managing incidental findings and ensuring robust benefit-risk assessments.

As we navigate this new frontier, transparency and rigor in model performance evaluation are paramount. Deconstructing and elucidating AI algorithms, as demonstrated in the study on chest X-ray detection of diabetes, can enhance interpretability and foster trust in AI-driven diagnostics.

In essence, the convergence of AI and medical imaging unveils a trove of diagnostic insights, prompting reflection on the vast expanse of yet undiscovered realms awaiting exploration through the digital eyes of AI. As we continue to unravel the mysteries of the human body, may these digital eyes serve as beacons illuminating the path toward enhanced healthcare outcomes.

Thank you for engaging with Ground Truths. If you found this piece enlightening, consider sharing it to amplify its impact.

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The Difference Between Doctor Compassion Fatigue & Burnout
HealthCare
Jack
May 16, 2024
0

In the medical field, both compassion fatigue and burnout have long posed significant challenges, and the recent pandemic has only intensified these issues.

While these terms are often mentioned together, their distinctions are not always clearly defined. Are physician compassion fatigue and burnout simply different labels for the same phenomenon? Let’s delve into the nuances.

Understanding Compassion Fatigue:

Compassion fatigue, also known as vicarious trauma, encompasses a range of negative emotions experienced by professionals in helping roles, such as doctors, counselors, social workers, and police officers. Specifically within the medical context, “doctor compassion fatigue” or “physician compassion fatigue” refers to the strain felt by doctors.

A report from Southeast Missouri State University identifies two primary components of compassion fatigue:

  1. Burnout: This manifests as feelings of hopelessness and ineffectiveness in one’s work, often accompanied by a lack of motivation or interest. Burnout typically develops gradually over time.
  2. Secondary Traumatic Stress: This involves symptoms akin to those seen in posttraumatic stress disorder, such as sleep disturbances, nightmares, and intrusive thoughts.

Compassion fatigue manifests through both physical and emotional exhaustion, stemming from prolonged exposure to patient suffering and trauma.

Causes of Compassion Fatigue:

Several factors contribute to compassion fatigue among physicians:

  • Continuous exposure to patient suffering
  • Long work hours and high workload leading to chronic stress
  • Overwhelming empathy without clear boundaries
  • Lack of support, both personally and professionally
  • Inadequate self-care practices
  • High expectations and perfectionist tendencies
  • Administrative burdens and limited decision-making authority

Understanding Physician Burnout:

Burnout, characterized by chronic emotional and physical exhaustion resulting from work-related stress, is prevalent across various professions but is particularly acute in high-stress occupations like healthcare.

Physicians and other medical professionals face a 40% higher risk of burnout compared to workers in other fields. Contributing factors include:

  • Limited control and autonomy at work
  • Excessive workload and extended hours
  • Administrative burdens such as electronic health records
  • Poor work-life balance
  • Emotional demands of the job
  • Insufficient support and resources
  • Neglect of self-care
  • Frustration with the healthcare system or administration
  • Unhealthy workplace culture

Differentiating Compassion Fatigue and Burnout:

The primary distinction lies in their origins: compassion fatigue arises from repeated exposure to trauma and patient suffering, while burnout stems from chronic workplace stress. While they share similar symptoms, burnout is a broader phenomenon, encompassing feelings of inefficacy and disillusionment with work.

Recognizing the Signs:

Physicians experiencing compassion fatigue may exhibit personal symptoms like anxiety, fatigue, and cognitive difficulties, alongside workplace-related indicators such as decreased motivation and performance.

Signs of burnout include emotional detachment, exhaustion, feeling overwhelmed by work, and questioning the meaningfulness of one’s work, which can lead to increased errors and decreased patient care quality.

Seeking Solutions:

Addressing burnout and compassion fatigue may involve prioritizing self-care, achieving a better work-life balance, and seeking support. However, in some cases, it may necessitate broader changes, such as reevaluating career goals or exploring alternative paths within medicine.

In conclusion, while compassion fatigue and burnout are significant challenges in the medical community, recognizing their distinct features and seeking appropriate interventions can promote physician well-being and enhance patient care.

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CBD as an aphrodisiac: Exploring its potential
HealthCare
Chris
May 16, 2024
0

In this piece, Dr. Hemp Me delves into the potential aphrodisiac qualities of CBD while examining the available scientific evidence. The term “aphrodisiac,” with its roots in the Greek goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite, refers to substances believed to heighten sexual desire. This concept, spanning diverse cultures, has ancient origins, with each culture boasting its own traditional libido-boosting ingredients.

So, does CBD possess aphrodisiac potential? While CBD has gained recognition for its various health benefits, its capacity as an aphrodisiac has also piqued interest.

This article explores certain attributes of CBD that may enhance sexual desire and performance. Let’s delve into the scientific evidence.

What constitutes an aphrodisiac? Traditionally, foods like oysters, chocolate, and honey have been deemed aphrodisiacs due to their components linked to sexual health. Some attribute aphrodisiac qualities to a substance’s scent or the suggestive shapes of certain foods, like cucumbers.

The belief in aphrodisiac efficacy stems from both psychological and physiological effects, potentially stimulating the mind while increasing blood flow and hormone levels in both men and women.

While scientific evidence supporting most traditional aphrodisiacs is not extensive, the allure of these substances persists, often grounded in legends, myths, and anecdotal evidence rather than empirical proof.

Regardless of their actual effectiveness, the quest for substances that heighten or intensify desire underscores humanity’s perpetual yearning for profound connection and intimacy.

The Evidence: While direct studies on CBD as an aphrodisiac are limited, some research suggests that its anxiety-reducing and blood flow-enhancing properties could indirectly enhance sexual experiences.

Anxiety often poses a barrier to sexual arousal, and CBD, by reducing stress, can help foster a safe and relaxed atmosphere for intimacy. Moreover, adequate blood flow is crucial for sexual stimulation, and CBD’s vasodilatory effects can play a pivotal role in intimate moments.

Given the variability in individual experiences and responses, consulting healthcare professionals and reviewing scientific research is essential before considering CBD for this purpose.

However, it’s important to note that CBD is a safe dietary supplement that can be consumed daily without the risk of addiction or intoxication.

CBD for Sexual Wellness: Amidst the plethora of hemp supplements available, choosing the right one can be daunting for newcomers. Dr. Hemp Me’s 10% CBD oil is a high-quality product that consumers may consider for its potential aphrodisiac effects, supported by anecdotal feedback suggesting increased relaxation and reduced anxiety, leading to enhanced sexual enjoyment.

Mechanism of Action – The ECS: CBD, a non-psychoactive cannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa or hemp, interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a regulatory system present in all individuals. By mimicking the role of natural endocannabinoids, CBD enhances ECS function, aiding in mood regulation, pain response modulation, sleep cycle regulation, and hormone balance maintenance.

The entourage effect posits that CBD is more effective in the presence of other cannabinoids, such as CBN and CBG. Thus, using full-spectrum CBD oil containing all cannabinoids may enhance its aphrodisiac potential.

Considerations and Disclaimers: Selecting high-quality, laboratory-tested CBD products is crucial for safety and efficacy. Dr. Hemp Me offers certified products tailored to users’ needs, backed by transparency and verified product reviews.

However, CBD is marketed as a dietary supplement and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any diseases. It’s advisable to consult healthcare providers before incorporating any new supplement, especially if you have existing medical conditions or are taking prescription medications.

Other Herbal Aphrodisiacs: Adaptogens and Nootropics: In addition to CBD, various herbal and all-natural products claim to boost sex drive. Ashwagandha, a stress-relieving adaptogen, and Cordyceps, an energy-boosting nootropic, are two such examples.

Both ashwagandha and cordyceps are generally considered safe but should be used in moderation and after consultation with healthcare providers, especially if taking medications.

Integrating Herbal Supplements for Sexual Wellness: Incorporating specific herbal supplements into one’s daily routine may provide a natural boost to sexual health. The synergistic effects of CBD, ashwagandha, and cordyceps could enhance overall sexual wellness, offering a more comprehensive and effective approach.

Conclusion: As global interest in CBD’s potential as an aphrodisiac grows, further research is needed to elucidate its true benefits. For those intrigued by CBD’s potential in sexual health, starting with reputable products like Dr. Hemp Me’s CBD Oil could add an organic dimension to intimate experiences, whether shared with a partner or enjoyed alone.

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Colorectal Cancer Is Spiking Among Some Young Americans
HealthCare
Veronika
May 16, 2024
0

Despite overall declines in colorectal cancer rates over the last two decades, there’s a notable exception: individuals under 45 in the United States.

New research, presented at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2024 in Washington, DC, reveals staggering increases in colorectal cancer cases among young Americans. From 1999 to 2020, there was a 333% rise among 15- to 19-year-olds and a 185% increase among 20- to 24-year-olds.

While these percentages are alarming, it’s essential to note that the actual number of cases among children and teens remains relatively small compared to those aged 45 and older, as highlighted by Dr. Loren Laine, a professor of medicine at Yale School of Medicine.

Lead investigator Dr. Islam Mohamed, an internal medicine resident at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, emphasizes that while the risk is relatively low in absolute numbers, it’s crucial to understand why rates are increasing and to raise awareness. Symptoms such as blood in the stool, stomach pain, or changes in bowel habits should prompt medical attention, even in individuals under 45.

Colorectal cancer, once considered primarily an elderly disease, is now affecting younger populations, underscoring the importance of public awareness about its signs and symptoms.

Dr. Mohamed and colleagues analyzed colorectal cancer cases using data from the CDC Wonder Database, observing increases by comparing rates between 1999 and 2020. Colorectal cancer ranks third in terms of new cases and cancer-related deaths in the US.

While factors such as environmental and lifestyle changes may contribute to rising rates, there’s also evidence that improved screening methods may lead to better detection of high-risk individuals among the younger population.

To mitigate the risk of colorectal cancer, adopting a healthy lifestyle—maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, and limiting alcohol consumption—is recommended, particularly given the association between metabolic syndrome and the disease.

However, some risk factors, such as family history and genetic mutations, remain beyond individual control. Early-onset colorectal cancer cases, in particular, often have genetic links, highlighting the importance of identifying families with genetic syndromes for targeted screening.

The study also revealed varying increases in colorectal cancer rates across different age groups under 45, emphasizing the need for personalized screening approaches and public awareness campaigns.

In response to these trends, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force lowered the recommended age for colorectal cancer screening to 45 in 2021, suggesting the importance of staying informed about the latest research and recommendations for prevention and screening.

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Medical liability: Doctors have to expect these claims after a mistake
HealthCare
Veronika
May 15, 2024
0

The medical vow – the new version of the Hippocratic Oath – that doctors must take after receiving their license to practice medicine states: “I will practice my profession to the best of my knowledge and belief, with dignity and in accordance with good medical practice.” Doctors hereby affirm their profession in compliance with the duty of care, however, in the context of the practice of medicine, it can happen that patients suffer damage to their health due to treatment errors. The following article explains what consequences and demands doctors have to expect in the event of an error in treatment.

Types of claims

If a patient suffers damage to their health due to an error during medical treatment, they are entitled to compensation in the form of damages and compensation for pain and suffering. The differences in each financial performance are summarized below.

damages

If a patient can assert claims for damages due to a treatment error, these relate to the material or financial damage suffered, for example in connection with loss of earnings resulting from the damage to health. These arise when an employee who is unable to work for longer than six weeks ends up receiving sick pay instead of continued payment of wages from the employer, which results in a significant reduction in income.

For self-employed people, the loss of income often occurs from the first day of incapacity to work. A further financial disadvantage can arise for the injured party due to additional financial costs due to the need for special therapeutic measures (example: occupational therapy, physiotherapy).

If the damage to health means that one can no longer manage one’s own household adequately, the injured party is also entitled to additional money to compensate for the so-called damage to household management. In addition, costs for trips to doctors or therapy measures and legal fees are also taken into account.

personal injury compensation

Compensation for pain and suffering is regulated in Section 253 of the Civil Code (BGB). This is a financial benefit that does not serve to compensate for financial damage, but rather for health (also: immaterial) damage. By paying compensation for pain and suffering, the person who caused the damage – i.e. the doctor – is intended to make amends, which is why the so-called satisfaction function is referred to in this context.

When are you entitled to compensation for pain and suffering?

When claiming compensation for pain and suffering, the injured person is required to provide proof. This means that in the event of a suspected treatment error, the patient must prove that there is damage to their health and that the treating doctor is actually responsible for its occurrence. Compensation for pain and suffering cannot be applied for directly from the treating doctor, the hospital or a corresponding authority; it must be claimed in court.

Compensation for pain and suffering: This is how the amount is calculated

There are tables that provide an overview of the amount of compensation for various health injuries caused by medical errors, but the actual amount of compensation varies from case to case and is calculated individually based on the following factors.

Medical factors

These medical factors are taken into account when determining the amount of compensation for pain and suffering.

  • Patient age
  • Duration of treatment
  • Extent of injury
  • Pain intensity
  • Severity of the surgical procedure
  • Possible consequential damage in the form of a level of care or a level of disability

Professional factors

The question of whether a patient can continue to pursue their usual job or whether they have a reduced or incapacity to work also influences the amount of compensation. In the case of existing incapacity to work, both the degree and duration of the incapacity to work are taken into account when determining compensation for pain and suffering.

financial situation

The financial circumstances of the parties fighting in court (patient and doctor) also serve as a basis for determining the amount of compensation for pain and suffering.

Accidental or intentional?

Another factor that significantly influences the amount of compensation is the question of whether the treatment error was caused accidentally or intentionally, with the compensation usually being higher in the latter case.

Conclusion

Medical errors can have serious future consequences for the injured patients. However, since the burden of proof lies exclusively with the injured party and proving the actual damage and breach of duty of care on the part of the treating doctor is often very difficult, most legal proceedings end with a settlement.

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52% of England’s care home residents get spring COVID-19 vaccine
HealthCare
Masha
May 15, 2024
0

NHS England has recently confirmed that over half of England’s care home residents have received their spring COVID-19 vaccine. This significant milestone comes as the NHS booking system for COVID-19 vaccines reopened in April 2024 for eligible individuals. This decision follows surveillance data from the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), indicating that the 2023 spring COVID-19 vaccine campaign reduced the likelihood of hospital admissions with COVID by approximately 50% three to four months after vaccination, compared to those without the booster.

According to new data, more than 155,000 people (52%) have been vaccinated against COVID-19 since the NHS commenced administering the vaccine in older adult care homes on Monday, April 15th.

The spring COVID-19 vaccine drive by the NHS targeted eligible groups, including individuals aged 75 and over (or those turning 75 by June 30, 2024), older adult care home residents, and people aged six months and over with a weakened immune system. Consequently, 2.5 million people across England have received their spring COVID-19 vaccine, with the NHS actively encouraging those eligible to book an appointment. Thousands of appointments are available nationwide until the end of June at various locations such as GP practices, pharmacies, and walk-in centers.

Steve Russell, Director for Vaccinations and Screening at NHS England, emphasized the efficiency of the vaccination process, stating, “The NHS is delivering COVID-19 vaccinations to care home residents at lightning speed – in just four weeks, we have been able to see over half of England’s 300,000 care home residents and ensure they receive vital protection.” Russell further urged eligible individuals to book their appointments promptly, emphasizing the importance of vaccination in safeguarding against COVID-19, especially for vulnerable populations.

Despite vaccination efforts, COVID-19 continues to pose risks, particularly to high-risk groups and individuals with weakened immune systems. The COVID-19 vaccine offers substantial protection, reducing the risk of severe illness, death, or hospitalization, as well as the transmission of the virus.

Health Minister Maria Caulfield reiterated the government’s commitment to protecting the most vulnerable from COVID-19 through the spring vaccination program. Caulfield emphasized the accessibility of vaccination, with numerous sites open across the country, including local pharmacies and GP practices, urging eligible individuals to schedule their appointments promptly.

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